Changing brake pads on a bicycle's disc brakes – explained step by step

Disc brakes are now standard on almost all modern bicycles – whether mountain bike, road bike, gravel bike, or e-bike. To ensure they function reliably and safely, regular brake pad replacement is necessary. This article explains how to recognize worn pads, what tools you need, and how to replace brake pads step by step.

By Fabian Huber 2 minutes read time

Bremsbeläge wechseln an der Scheibenbremse vom Fahrrad

About the author Fabian Huber

Fabian founded MYVELO together with Vincent. The two share a long-standing passion for cycling. Together they have cycled thousands of kilometers and fought for victories in the German racing bike league. The idea of founding MYVELO arose from their many years of experience and knowledge of what makes a good bike. Find out more about MYVELO now

Published: September 6, 2025

Why changing brake pads is important

Worn brake pads result in reduced braking power, longer braking distances, and in the worst case, damage to the brake disc. Furthermore, the risk of brake squealing or uneven braking increases. Timely replacement ensures safety and extends the lifespan of the entire braking system.

How can you tell if brake pads are worn out?

Thickness of the coverings : If less than 1 mm of covering material is present, they should be replaced.
Metallic noise : A grinding or scratching sound indicates that the coating has already worn down to the backing plate.
Reduced braking performance : If the brakes feel weak despite correctly adjusted hydraulics, the brake pads are probably worn out.

Tools and materials

You will need the following to change the brake pads:

Allen or Torx wrench (depending on the brake)
A small flathead screwdriver or brake piston retractor
New brake pads (depending on the model, e.g. Shimano, SRAM, Magura etc.)
If necessary, a cotter pin or locking screw (often included in the set with new brake pads)
A clean cloth and some brake cleaner

Step-by-step instructions: How to change brake pads

1. Remove the wheel

To access the brake properly, first remove the wheel. Important: Before loosening the axle, completely remove the quick-release skewer or thru-axle.

2. Remove old coatings

Loosen the locking pin or screw.
Pull out the old brake pads along with the spring.

3. Reset brake pistons

Carefully push back the brake pistons using a plastic lever or a special retraction tool. This creates enough space for the new pads. Never press directly on the pistons with a screwdriver, as this could damage them.

4. Install new pads

Slide the new brake pads and spring into the brake caliper.
Secure with a cotter pin or screw.

5. Insert wheel

Reinsert the wheel into the frame or fork and secure it firmly.

6. Apply the brakes

Apply the brake several times until the pads are in clean contact with the disc.

Break in the brake pads

New brake pads need to bed in to the brake disc. To do this, brake evenly 20-30 times from medium speed to almost a standstill, without locking the brakes. This creates a uniform friction surface and allows the brakes to reach their full performance.

Tips for a long brake pad lifespan

Avoid touching the surface with oily or greasy fingers.
Clean brake discs regularly with special brake cleaner.
Store spare brake pads in a dry and clean place.
During long descents, release the brakes briefly from time to time to avoid overheating.

Conclusion

Changing the brake pads on a disc brake is manageable for hobby mechanics with a little skill. It requires only a few tools and ensures that your bicycle brakes safely and reliably at all times. Anyone who is unsure or has trouble resetting the pistons should leave the work to a professional workshop.